Why The Best Place You Get A Personal Loan - 1991 Words

Know about the best place to get a personal loan Description: Here is the list of some places to get a personal loan. These companies provide an amazing rate for its customer and the time period of repayment is also sufficient. The customers may require taking loan from the banks in the hour of need. For getting a loan the customer requires to have a good credit score and profile to get personal loan. For getting a personal having a good and stable source of income is also necessary. The credit companies consider the repayment issue on the basis of the credit score and monthly income of the customer. Here in this article information related to different banks who provides personal loans and various rates in which they issue loans are given. Need a personal loan? Check into these places Checking the profile of the companies and their rates customer can find the best place to get a personal loan. †¢ Lightstream Lightstream is a part of the SunTrust Bank who provides the loan. This is the best place to get a personal loan because of the rates they offer. This lender has come up with an amazing rate of personal loans and is also delivering it to the borrowers.This lender has come up with a rate of around 6% for the borrowers and provides the loan to those persons who have a good profile and good credit score. There is no upfront fee applying for the loan. They are known to provide loan for about $5,000 – $100,000. This lender is available in all the states and the timeShow MoreRelatedHow Online Loan Lenders Maintain The Business Of Online Loans1637 Words   |  7 PagesHow online loan lenders maintain the business of online loans? Description: Online loans are one of the most useful means of getting liquid funds in hands but for that you got to choose online loan lenders. You need to know how these lenders operate their businesses online. If you are looking for some additional funds, then nothing can be the best option other than contacting online loan lenders. These lenders mainly access their business via their online sites and thus if you want to contact themRead MoreBenefits Of A Personal Loan1417 Words   |  6 Pagesstandstill. You can earn it of course, some do - in tons, but for the average wage earner there might arise a situation where he will want to have some money to spend on something personal, something that he will usually have to save for. But the urge to obtain it might be just great and this is where a personal loan, or a signature loan, can be of immense help. Just as it is named, a personal loan is meant for something personal. And when you apply for a personal loan, usually you are not requiredRead MoreQuestions On Real Payday Loans1644 Words   |  7 Pagesgenuine direct lenders of real payday loans? Description: real payday loans can be only available in case you make proper verification of the lender. There are few strategic methods that can help you to conduct this verification successfully and you can follow them. 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Have you got a new startup business? It can feel like a money pit sometimes, cant it? While that is a relatively typical issue with new entrepreneurs, it does not need to be like this. You should expect to put some of your own personal money into a startup business; however that should not be the exclusive place you turn for funding. So as to help you out, here are a few other waysRead MoreReal Estate Investing Program : 9 Reasons Why Foreclosure Essay1267 Words   |  6 PagesProgram - 9 Reasons Why Pre-Foreclosures Are The Best Way To Invest A real estate investing program is the easiest method to discover how to become a pre-foreclosure investor and even a realtor. I only say this simply because I am a Realtor and I discovered a lot more by learning the opposite side of the fence, in addition, it benefits me astronomically being a Realtor. 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There are numerous plans out there that let homeowners do a mortgage refinance to lower interest rates, even if the loan is upside down. Check into refinancing first because if you qualify for refinance you will not benefit by home loan modification. Modify mortgage loan services work for homeowners with credit issues. If you are not eligibleRead MoreStudent Loan Consolidation Program And The Borrower1427 Words   |  6 PagesCollege students who have multiple loans in their names understand the nightmare involved in making the repayments once they finish off their studies. The government also understands the problem and hassle that the students have to face and so programs on student loans consolidation federal has been designed and created. Though student loa n consolidation programs were always into existence, they have been simplified and made comfortable in the present day. These programs are designed and createdRead MorePersonal Letter : Personal Banker912 Words   |  4 PagesPosition: Personal Banker Tell me about yourself? Growing up with parents who didn’t know much about money put me in a position where I had to learn how to be financially responsible at a young age. Before my 18 birthday, I wanted to open my own checking account and eventually a credit card in my name without any cosigner. With this in mind before my 18th birthday, I research every bank from big banks such as Bank of America to little credit unions like Arizona Federal. I learn about the fees

Who Else Wants to Learn About Informal Essay Samples?

Who Else Wants to Learn About Informal Essay Samples? Becoming in a position to immerse yourself in writing an official essay in the best manner will be able to help you grow as a writer. If for some reason you're expected to write 250 words minimum, you can produce the essay longer by sprinkling in a couple of more words. It is necessary for an official essay to inform its audience about a specific issue. Equally fantastic examples, informal essays could be obtained on the internet by utilizing a suitable search engine like Google. Informal essay writing resembles a conversation with your pals, where you use humor and emotions to create an impression. Colloquial Informal writing resembles a spoken conversation. Appropriate writing of the informal essay is to realize the qualities of the genre. The point is to continue to keep things simple yet catchy. Individual value of friendship is gauged from the view of a person who considers the total amount of resources, time, energy he or she's prepared to put money into the relationship. If at all possible, have somebody else read your essay and give their suggestions for improvement. Do not be concerned, EssayPro is here in order to teach our students everything they will need to learn about crafting an informative essay! Basically, if you'd like to understand how to compose an informal essay, or at least, structure it, the solution is the fashion you desire. If you're on very friendly provisions, simple use their very first name. As it's such a huge subject , you're going to want to narrow your paper down to a particular angle. The Essentials of Informal Essay Samples That You Can Learn From Starting Right Away Whether there are several theses, then there shouldn't be a contradiction between the theses formulated in various areas of the paper. Don't forget, it's not the thesis but an overall perception. Keep in mind that the essay is distinguished precisely by the existence of the author's view of the current problem, their connection with the Earth, speech, and thinking. Technical subjects like the sciences teach people who to execute real work and achieve concrete outcomes. Now, let's look at various forms of formal essays. Stephen's essay is quite effective. So write your essay easily whether it's formal or informal and you're able to take essay writing services too. Before anything, you must make yourself conversant with what the essay is all about. To have the ability to write a great essay, you should find it interesting. You've got to compose an informative essay. It's possible to look for more essays from some other rubrics and learn more ideas for topics and content. You should make sure the language you will use is formal and business-like. On the contrary in regards to a formal essay then it has to be written in a suitable format and its topic ought to be chosen carefully to tackle an important matter. It is preferable to indent the commencement of your first supporting detail. Notice the very clear statement of the thesis, the concrete illustrations within the body of the essay, and how the conclusion results in a more general statement of what's perhaps to come later on. As a way to effectively complete the essay, an individual must think of an overall concluding statement.

Effective Leadership Promotes Perioperative

Question: Discuss about the Effective Leadership Promotes Perioperative. Answer: Introduction: The startup opportunity which I am planning to take is the skill trade, the start-up opportunity is a website called Skill Trader. Skill Trader will be an established website which will utilize the skill set of individuals in exchange for work people require. For example, someone might want their laundry done for a week because their washing is broken in exchange for a week of home cooked meals. The adaption of this model increases the output of the enterprise as compared with that of other competitors in the market places There are multiple reasons behind choosing this as a business Firstly, the root of this approach lies in our history. Everyone has studied history and thus might remember the barter system in which people used to exchange goods for getting a service. It was the period when not everyone had money. Today people have money but their expenses have increased equally (Fabozzi, 2011). Secondly, in this era of globalization where there is so much competition human beings who have average trade skills are unable to make their both ends meet (Hox, 2010). Thirdly, there are big industries available for providing a small service. For example, a job, once something so simple has become a tedious task. Consider how many recruitment agencies one must go through before getting a job, how many checks must be completed before gaining employment (Kendrick, 2010). Fourthly, the major problem for starting up a venture is finding a suitable location. There is no need for operational site. A small room is enough for back-end work (Psaltopoulos, Stathopoulou and Skuras, 2005). Keeping all these problems in mind, a solution which comes to mind will be creating the website that will be purely based on the barter system. Using this website, if you want to get your car repaired without giving money then you give the service of building a website if you are a web designer (Choudhry, 2010). How the website will generate income Although a proper plan will be required for executing this business effectively. A strategy will also be required to safeguard overextending the services in return as an exchange (Davis, 2013). Moreover, if a person will always be involved in skill trade, earning income will not be something they will have success with, therefore one should keep in mind the following: How much should one barter? Only skill trade those things which you feel are parallel to amount needs to be paid. The rule of thumb will be to see the limit of products purchased or service taken. For instance: If the car repair would have cost you $ 100 then see in return that how much a maid charges for one-week household work. If it is equal then go for it else says "no. The service you are getting is essential for running your business? Is the potential trade partner trust worthy? One should enter agreements with only those business owners whom you trust or already have business relationships. One shouldn't trust people whom you just met for skill trade. Unfortunately, there is no guarantee when letting strangers into your home or place of business (Desbordes, 2013). Enter only with those trade partners who have already fulfilled previous agreements. If the skilled trade is for months, then it is advisable to enter into agreements and write down all the necessary details so that both the parties are at a win-win situation. We will make sure that if a person is engaging into skill trade through our website, then the deal is closed from both the parties. This business has proved to be quite essential in the past and it will be quite helpful to industries also. There comes a time in an organisation when individuals approach their retiring age and the human resource personnel have not found a suitable candidate as a replacement of this person, at this point of time they can search the candidates using the website and their work will be done while searching for the appropriate candidate, this could be done in exchange for work/industry exposure/experience. For instance, a law student might find this extremely beneficial to get a foot in the door by offering work in exchange for industry experience. Macro Environmental Analysis The macro economic factors or the environmental factors are external for firms. These are the factors that are not under the direct control of firms and leaders. The key tools for macro environmental factors can be discussed as: The PESTLE analysis is a powerful too that could be used to assess the external factors. It is important to mention that PESTLE analysis is generally applied at industry level and not at the company level. The various factors of PESTLE analysis for online bartering industry can be discussed as: Political Legal: It would be correct to say that the political and legal factors are positive for the e bartering business. The Australian government has created a good platform for startups. Moreover, government wants that more and more job opportunities should be created. Therefore, there would be minimal legal challenges for Skill Trader. Economical: The economic factors are also positive for this industry. In fact, the end consumers want more and more options. The globalization has increased the demands of the best quality of services at the affordable price ranges and it is, therefore, much importance to assist the clients with the satisfactory services as this will bring out positive outcomes with great results for the association Social: The social factors can also be termed as positive for this industry. The people or the end consumers want to collaborate with each other so that a sustainable society and business model could be developed. As per the changing trends all through the different areas of the market segments, the needs for the latest and innovative services have significantly increased and thus, the demands for the adaptation of this canvas business model has increased as it fulfills the needs and the desired of the clients (Zheng Xue, 2009). Technological: It is correct that there would be technological challenges to create a responsive website of this sort. However, there is no shortage of talent in Australian market. There should not be much of the problem to get the best engineers and graphic designers from the market that can create this subtle website (Chapman, 2011). Environmental: This business model does not create any harm to environment. Therefore, it can be said that environmental factors are positive in this case. Porter Five Forces Analysis The Porter Five Forces analysis is also a powerful too that is used to assess the existing competition in the industry (Walker, 2004). The five forces as per the Porter model can be discussed as below: Threat of new entrants: The threat of new entrants is high in this industry segment. The underlying product is the technological product and it does not need any huge initial investment. Therefore, there would be more and entrepreneurs entering the industry. The other entrepreneurs would want to enter the industry if it appears profitable. Threat of substitutes: The threat of substitutes is moderate to high in this industry. There are no direct substitutes for this business model. However, the customers can anyways decide not to trade on the website. Bargaining power of customers: The entire business model is based on customers and end-consumers. Therefore, it can be said that the bargaining power of customers is high in this industry segment. Managing the relationship with the different consumers is one of the crucial responsibilities of the firm as it affects the mental level of the clients (Walker, 2004). Bargaining power of suppliers: The bargaining power of suppliers is also high in this industry. The strength of this business model lies on the interaction between suppliers and consumers. Therefore, it is the mutual relationship between these two parties that would eventually be useful for the business (Steven, 2003). Industry rivalry: The existing industry rivalry is low in the business. This is due to the fact that there are limited players in the market. The industry rivalry might increase with the more players in the market. Micro analysis Unlike macro analysis, the micro analysis is done at the firm level. The micro analysis would include consumer analysis and competitor analysis. The individual factors under micro analysis can be discussed as: It would be correct to say that end consumer is at the core of this business model. The relationship with the customer needs to be improved as to completely satisfy them with the offerings of the products along with services. There is the vital scope for self-service to the entire customers with the use of this website. This will help in utilizing the time of the customers and will retain them towards the business. Setting up of the customer care will provide effective and reliable services to all the customers (Buckley, 2013). Identification of the different target market segments for the different clients are crucial as this will offer satisfactory services as peer the change in trend throughout the market segments. The customers can be reached through e-mail, channels, websites and social media to draw their attention towards the firm. This consists of the mass markets, segmented markets, niche markets, diversity and the multi-sided platforms (Zook, 2014). The customer market segments are an important component as it provides the actual view regarding the needs and the demands of the clients within the targeted market segments. The customer relationship is another important component which has been selected to provide unmatched service to the clients for retaining them within the firm (Makarov, 2015). Competitor analysis The existing competition is limited in the market. There are not much of the players in the market that provide this services. The majority of startups have a high failure rate due to which finding investors becomes a cumbersome task (Ryall, 2010). This can be alleviated by this idea being introduced to friends and family at the very early stages, further, to minimize cost spend, the website could be initially advertised on free and minimum cost advertising platforms. Once the website starts getting hits, it will be automatically come up in the rating and on the other hand, the best way to advertise any upcoming venture is by word of mouth (Adams, 2014). It is important that the startup should be able to bridge the gap and make competitors irrelevant. Challenges and Opportunities There are various strengths and weaknesses of this idea and at the same time there exists various opportunities in the market that the company should assess. The SWOT analysis for the company can be discussed as: STRENGTHS The idea of bartering is unique The underlying innovation behind the idea The technological advantages of product (McDonald, 2014) WEAKNESSES It is not possible to set the benchmarks No previous organizational development experience Limited funding (at this moment) Limited knowledge of market CHALLENGES Dynamic Australian market Changing consumers preferences Absence of market benchmarking Absence of external support External factors like government intervention, licensing, etc. OPPORTUNITIES Opportunity to tap the unexplored market To emerge as first mover in this segment To generate huge commissions with each transaction on the website To get customer share of mind and share of profit Conclusion It can be said that this business model could be successful if it has the support of various stakeholders. The collection of the preferred resources such as intellectual resources, physical resources, human resources and the customer relationship resources are crucial as this assists in enhancing the effectiveness of the complete business. The resources are the most significant assets of the firm. For the proposed business, there are some of the vital partners as to execute the business they are website developers, graphic designers, software developers and the web designers. The role of the key partners is to improve the overall performance of the firm and to increase the rate of productivity. For this business, the role of graphic designers and the other web designers are very crucial as they help to increase the efficiency and reliability of the website which is going to be used for the business procedure. References Adams, M. (2014). Latest Developments in Officers Duties of SMEs.Journal of Business Systems, Governance Ethics, 6(3). Buckley, M. (2013). On the Essential Nature of Business. Business Ethics Journal Review, pp.92-98. Chapman, R. (2011).Simple tools and techniques for enterprise risk management. Chichester, England: Wiley. Choudhry, M. (2010).Capital market instruments. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Davis, B. (2013).Managing business analysis services. Plantation, FL: J. Ross Publishing. Desbordes, M. (2013). Latest sponsorship strategies and the need for research.International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship, 14(3), pp.1-1. Fabozzi, F., and Markowitz, H. (2011). The theory and practice of investment management. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley Sons. Gallagher, R. (2009).How to tell anyone anything. New York: American Management Association. Hox, J. (2010).Multilevel analysis. New York: Routledge. Kendrick, R. (2010).Cyber Risks for Business Professionals. Ely: IT Governance Pub. McDonald, M., Mouncey, P. and Maklan, S. (2014).Marketing Value Metrics. London: Kogan Page. Makarov, I. and Plantin, G. (2015). Rewarding Trading Skills without Inducing Gambling. The Journal of Finance, 70(3), pp.925-962. Psaltopoulos, D., Stathopoulou, S. and Skuras, D. (2005). The Location of Markets, Perceived Entrepreneurial Risk, and Start-up Capital of Micro Rural Firms. Small Bus Econ, 25(2), pp.147-158. Ryall, M. (2010).Bridge management. Amsterdam: Elsevier/Butterworth-Heinemann. Steven Chang, T. and Ping Li, P. (2003). How to succeed in e?business by taking the haier road: formulating e?business strategy through network building. Competitiveness Review, 13(2), pp.34-45. Walker, E. (2004). What Success Factors are Important to Small Business Owners?. International Small Business Journal, 22(6), pp.577-594. Zheng, N. and Xue, J. (2009).Statistical learning and pattern analysis for image and video processing. New York: Springer. Zook, E. (2014). Effective Leadership Promotes Perioperative Success. AORN Journal, 100(1), pp.4-7.

William Blakes Songs of Innocence Essay Example For Students

William Blakes Songs of Innocence Essay Flakes use of the pastoral in Songs of Innocence and Experience Put simply, Flakes Songs of Innocence and Experience Juxtapose the innocent pastoral world of childhood against an adult world of corruption and repression. The collection as a whole, by meaner of paired poems in Innocence and Experience (The Lamb, The Tiger; The Echoing Green, The Garden of Love/London; The Nurses Song (l and E); Introduction (l and E); The Chimney sweeper (l and E), etc) explores the value and limitations of two different perspectives of the world. The same situation or problem is seen through the eyes or perspective of Innocence first, then Experience. We will write a custom essay on William Blakes Songs of Innocence specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Blake stands outside Innocence and Experience, in a distanced position from which he recognizes and attempts to correct the fallacies of both perspectives. He uses the pastoral, in many songs, to attack oppressive and destructive authority (Church, King, parents, adult figures), restrictive morality, sexual repression, established religion the Established Church, social inequality, militarism. The pastoral is a literary style that presents an idealism and artificial picture of rural life, the naturalness and innocence of which is seen in contrast with the corruption and artificiality of city and court. The pastoral is often seen as a nostalgic looking back at a lost paradise, a lost Eden, a lost Golden Age. However, Blake does something different with the pastoral. Firstly, he rejects the nostalgia of the ideal in order to show the real human condition. He does this by opposing pastoral ideal and urban reality both within the single states of Innocence and Experience and between the two states. (For example Introduction of Innocence, The Shepherd). Secondly, he radically redefines the relation of the pastoral to the city because the Songs as a volume could be said to take place in the city. Blake frames the obviously pastoral scenes within an urban setting in a way that breaks down the conventional city/ country dichotomy and his criticism is aimed at not merely social problems, but the source of these problems a limited way of seeing. Within Innocence, Blake takes us into the frame, or confinement of the pastoral space and explores inner tensions, exposing and attacking social problems. For example, in The Little Girl Lost of Innocence, the pastoral setting is that of a desert wild that becomes a garden mild. The reference is the biblical image in Isaiah 35 of an ideal mime in which the desert shall rejoice, and blossom as the rose. Lacy, the innocent child, lives In the southern clime/Where the summers prime/Never fades away (distinctly pastoral! ). She had wandered oleomargarine the wild birds song. Blake brings in a contrast between Locals trust and her parents fear (that she is lost and will come to harm). For Lacy, there is no cause for distress, except consideration of her mothers feelings (if my mother sleeplessly shall not weep). The other side of the conflict is the parents fear and concern: As far as they are concerned, there is nowhere safe; (Where can Lacy sleep? . Their concern becomes more and more self- centered, until it becomes emotional blackmail (oho can Lacy sleep,/elf her mother weep? ). A moral prescription is then introduced Lacy ought to be worried and we notice that this is Justified only by the mothers distress, not by any real danger. By meaner of the command, Then let Lacy wake, Blake shows how fear turns into tyranny. The parents fear of nature has made them unreasonable They command their daughter to be unhappy, simply because they are. Stanza 8 resolves the conflict as Locals surroundings become transformed the desert is bright. Locals positive perception dominates the rest of the poem The imperative, Let in the line, Let thy moon arise, underlines her opposition to her parents. The pivotal word, bright stands between Locals and her parents attitudes to nature (for the parents, it is a dark, unknown world of fear; for Lacy, it is safe and bright. ) The lion licks Locals bosom and the lioness Loosed her slender dress. The dress is a symbol of her parents upbringing, which Locals perception can cast off. .u40cb7cc0649b6bfb9a69cae2be4b62d0 , .u40cb7cc0649b6bfb9a69cae2be4b62d0 .postImageUrl , .u40cb7cc0649b6bfb9a69cae2be4b62d0 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u40cb7cc0649b6bfb9a69cae2be4b62d0 , .u40cb7cc0649b6bfb9a69cae2be4b62d0:hover , .u40cb7cc0649b6bfb9a69cae2be4b62d0:visited , .u40cb7cc0649b6bfb9a69cae2be4b62d0:active { border:0!important; } .u40cb7cc0649b6bfb9a69cae2be4b62d0 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u40cb7cc0649b6bfb9a69cae2be4b62d0 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u40cb7cc0649b6bfb9a69cae2be4b62d0:active , .u40cb7cc0649b6bfb9a69cae2be4b62d0:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u40cb7cc0649b6bfb9a69cae2be4b62d0 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u40cb7cc0649b6bfb9a69cae2be4b62d0 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u40cb7cc0649b6bfb9a69cae2be4b62d0 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u40cb7cc0649b6bfb9a69cae2be4b62d0 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u40cb7cc0649b6bfb9a69cae2be4b62d0:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u40cb7cc0649b6bfb9a69cae2be4b62d0 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u40cb7cc0649b6bfb9a69cae2be4b62d0 .u40cb7cc0649b6bfb9a69cae2be4b62d0-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u40cb7cc0649b6bfb9a69cae2be4b62d0:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: William Blake's Songs of Innocence and Experience EssayShe is naked, so shame is removed (a reference to Adam and Eves nakedness in the Garden of Eden). In the ext poem, The Little Girl Found, the lions masculinity, his mane, was what frightened the parents (soon his heavy man/Bore them to the ground). So, the poem conveys the need for sexual freedom, natural energy, sexual energy, feared by Locals parents. (In The Little Girl Found, the parents perception of the lion as fearful is transformed -then they followed/Where the vision led- by meaner of transforming their vision, their perspective, the parents fear disappears (nor fear the wolfish howl,/Nor the lions growl). Within the pastoral frame of the Garden of Eden, Blake explores inner tensions, exposing and attacking social problems. (In The Marriage of Heaven and Hell, which Blake wrote between the two parts of the Songs, he stresses that mans instincts are not fallen (sinful from the moment of birth) and therefore to follow the instinctive desire for love and pleasure cannot be wrong: The soul of sweet delight can never be defiled. On the contrary, it is the thwarting of desire that leads to corruption and a warping of the personality: Sooner murder an infant in its cradle than nurse enacted desires. The conventional goodness of Flakes time, therefore, is Just a passive failure o act out desire and is not something to be admired, unlike evil which is evidence of positive energy:. Good is the passive that obeys reason. Evil is the active springing from energy and Energy is eternal delight. So, in the volume of Songs of Innocence and Experience, the tensions, oppositions or conflicts are within the frames of a song, as well as between the two contrary worlds of Innocence and Experience. The Songs not only Juxtapose pastoral ideal with urban reality (echoing Greenwoods; Echoing Green/The Garden of Love), but within the single state of Innocence, pastoral images are Juxtaposed with a flawed urban society. The oppositions also exist within the single states of Innocence and Experience. The Songs of Innocence begins with a clearly pastoral Introduction followed by The Shepherd, The Echoing Green and, of course, The Lamb'(in Flakes final order of the Songs). These songs show pastoral harmony between humans and nature. However, we are led out of (or in and out of, depending on the order of Songs), pastoral and into a disturbing world of social difference and injustice through such lyrics as The Little Black Boy, The Chimney Sweeper'(l). Yet even these songs eave a pastoral element. Tom Decree, in The Chimney Sweeper, is identified with the lamb of pastoral and of innocence through his hair, That curled like a lambs back. The black boys mother describes his body as a shady grove that enables the soul to bear the beams of love, identifying the time on earth as a little space, akin to a pastoral retreat, rather than a time of preparation labor. The pastoral narratives in both poems seek to free the boys from the stigma of their blackness, but ironically that freedom, in the form of a pastoral paradise, is attainable only after death. In The Chimney Sweeper'(l), an angel opened the coffins and set them all free. /Then down a green plain leaping, laughing they run,/And wash in a river and shine in the sun. In The Little Black Boy, Gods voice will call: Come out from the grove my love and care,] And round my golden tent like lambs rejoice. Only in death will the white boy be taught to reject his ignorant racist views: And then Ill stand and stroke his silver hair/And be like him, and he will then love me. So, Blake uses the pastoral to attack social evils and injustice, but also exposes the limits and inadequacies of the pastoral ideal. He transcends the pastoral to show the limits of pastoral innocence; to criticism the human condition; and to show a new vision. He does this by rejecting the nostalgia of the ideal to show the real condition by opposing the pastoral ideal with urban reality. .ueae190dabe2e85a57376963f10aaf73e , .ueae190dabe2e85a57376963f10aaf73e .postImageUrl , .ueae190dabe2e85a57376963f10aaf73e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ueae190dabe2e85a57376963f10aaf73e , .ueae190dabe2e85a57376963f10aaf73e:hover , .ueae190dabe2e85a57376963f10aaf73e:visited , .ueae190dabe2e85a57376963f10aaf73e:active { border:0!important; } .ueae190dabe2e85a57376963f10aaf73e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ueae190dabe2e85a57376963f10aaf73e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ueae190dabe2e85a57376963f10aaf73e:active , .ueae190dabe2e85a57376963f10aaf73e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ueae190dabe2e85a57376963f10aaf73e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ueae190dabe2e85a57376963f10aaf73e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ueae190dabe2e85a57376963f10aaf73e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ueae190dabe2e85a57376963f10aaf73e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ueae190dabe2e85a57376963f10aaf73e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ueae190dabe2e85a57376963f10aaf73e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ueae190dabe2e85a57376963f10aaf73e .ueae190dabe2e85a57376963f10aaf73e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ueae190dabe2e85a57376963f10aaf73e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Blakes Songs Of Innocence And Experience EssayThe dual presence of town and country, idealization and realism, celebration and regret provides the tension that is fundamental to the pastoral space. The pastorals critical function is based upon the writers handling of internal tensions between oppositions. Flakes objective in Songs of Innocence and Experience is to show the wow contrary states of the human soul. He shows that we create our worlds by meaner of our perception of it. (Milton: A mind is its own place, and in itself/Can make a Heaven of Hell, a Hell of Heaven Paradise Lost). Our world is Innocent loving, meek and mild, delightful, protected, gentle if we perceive its creator as loving, caring and protective. But there are limits to this vision; we are vulnerable because we are ignorant of the dangers and threats that exist. The world of Experience is one that is dark, authoritative, oppressive, uncaring and repressive of enjoyment. We see ourselves imprisoned in this despair if we perceive its creator as oppressive, cruel, punitive and Judgmental and if we perceive ourselves as imprisoned in Original Sin. The two worlds opposed are those of childhood innocence and adult experience. He uses iconic pastoral images (piper and muse, shepherds, rural idyll, innocence of childhood, the Garden of Eden, gardens and greens, lambs, pathetic fallacy) and pastoral states (harmony, Joy, protection, care, love) and opposes these to urban images and states of adult authority and cruelty, state and church repression and authority, dishonest and destructive emotions. Blake sets up oppositions, in the frames of the poems (as artistic creations) between Innocence and Experience and within Innocence and Experience. Blake provides (in Songs of Innocence) pastoral images, but shows the limits of pastoral innocence. In Songs of Experience, he writes in anti-pastoral mode and uses pastoral images to show the destruction of innocence, as well as ways to regain innocence in a vision of a New World. Discussion of putting the complex into the simple: Approaches discussion of The Lamb and The Tiger, pages 91 101 Songs of Innocence and Experience can be regarded as anti-pastoral: Blake exposes he limitations of a comfortable image of pastoral innocence by 1) redefining the relationship between city and country (Russ in rube the country in the city); 2) he uses the pastoral as a frame to expose social injustice and human suffering; 3) he uses pastoral images to show true innocence, then subverts these, both in Innocence and Experience, to expose the dark world of adult authority and repression. Blake use pastoral, not to show the contrast between rural and urban, but to expose the injustices of the human condition. Blake was a poet of the city, of London, and his pastoral setting is in the greens, parks and gardens of London.

Communication Skills Essay

Communication Skills Essay Communication Skills Essay Analyze Communication John Spear BUS 600: Management Communication with Technology Tools Dr. Erick Aguilar December 02, 2014 Analyze Communication Communication skills is the transmitting, receiving, and processing of information. The better the communication skill the more likely the message will be interpreted better. To analyze my current communication skills I took the Queendom Communication skill test and scored 62%. My results indicate that I am fairly adept at interpreting other people’s words and actions and seeing things from their perspective - although the rare misunderstanding may occur. Overall however, I seem to realize that empathy is an essential part of good interpersonal skills and therefore, will do my best to place myself in other people’s shoes in order to better understand them. For the most part, I can sense what others are thinking and will likely adjust my behavior accordingly if a person I am conversing with seems confused or perhaps uncomfortable. There may be the occasional time when I pay more attention to the message I am sending rather than how it’s received. With some time an d experience, you’ll likely be able to improve your insight even more.(Queendom) The quiz will give me great insight on how to improve my communication skills. The quiz indicated that my weakest area was my assertiveness. The way to improve this would be to have more self confidence in the message or information I am delivering. The part of the quiz I scored the highest in was insightfulness. This part shows that I am self confident when communicating my opinion about information or a situation. Communication gaps often happen when the message that is being delivered is not being received and understood by the receiver. One of the communication gaps I often experience come from a person not being able to see a situation as I see it. Personal differences can cause a breakdown in communication amongst people. In my personal job experiences, I have seen communication gaps because of the diversity of the workplace including ethnicity, gender, age, etc. Because I realize the communication gap I’m experiencing, I find myself often trying to listen more attentively before responding in conversations so that I am able to make sure I have a good understanding. I’ve noticed that this opens my mind to new ideas, opinions and insights of others, therefore bridging the gap in my communication skills and interpersonal relationships. I believe that I would benefit greatly from additional training in communicating empathy and sensitivity as well as working on my non-verbal communication. In my current position as an accounts receivable representative, I often have to express understanding to our

10 Job Resources for Students You Shouldnt Miss

10 Job Resources for Students You Shouldnt Miss Looking for work as a college student can feel like a job in and of itself. Luckily, there are a number of new resources you can use to track down the job you need to get through school or even the job that can serve as a springboard for your career. Here well take a closer look at the ten best resources for job hunting while youre still in school or as you make the transition from student to full time employee. CollegeRecruiter The College Recruiter website offers more than just a place to check out new jobs in emerging career fields. They also offer help with continuing education credits and ways for employers to find recent graduates who can breathe new life into a field or simply bring a fresh perspective to a company. If youre still not sure your major will be your lifes work, College Recruiter can help with career aptitude tests and details on the best places to work. Once you find the job you want, College Recruiter helps with building your resume and tips for those more difficult interview questions as well. College Magazine – Find an Internship Internships have come under some heavy fire and criticism lately but the fact remains – if you want to get your foot in the door, an internship is your best bet. This is especially true for markets that are especially competitive, including the creative arts and multimedia focused careers. College Magazines resource offers up a streaming view of internships with clients like O Magazine, Martha Stewart Living, Reboot and the CIA. Campus Riot The team at Surviving College knows that making it through your university years is more than just being able to get good grades and (hopefully) land your dream job. Surviving College offers help and advice on everything from whether or not store loyalty cards are worth the trouble for students to tips on the best ways to find and connect with ideal companies and internships to how to start a small business before youve even graduated. Career Thoughts Career Thoughts caters to both students and those already in the working world. Their approach is simple – if youre not in a job you love, youre not in the right job. Their helpful advice centers mostly around resume building and interview skills. They also offer advice on the best ways to search for companies that are hiring or on how to spot opportunities even the company itself hasnt considered. Finding a need and proposing a solution can help you stand out from other candidates and could even allow you to create your own position within a company. Job Stock Jon Stock is the go to place for freelancers of nearly every variety. Their feed of avaialble freelance positions is regularly updated and features a wide variety of available freelance projects in areas like programming, database management, content writing, blogging, graphic design and data entry. Unlike many other freelance job websites, you can search by company rating, rate of pay and location. Intern Queen If youve never seriously considered an internship or dont know if its the right thing for you, Intern Queen can help you make some sense of it all. The Intern Queen offers more than just an updated listing of some of the most interesting internships around – she also offers real world advice on how to find, land and survive your first internship without losing your mind. Her friendly, easy to follow and easy to relate to blog can help new interns adjust to the rigors of an all work, no pay lifestyle while offering keen insights that even seasoned interns will appreciate. Career Shifters Much like your major, your chosen career field can change as you grow and develop your own set of priorities, passions and talents. Career Shifters knows that the path to complete job satisfaction isnt always straightforward and they offer help on finding a different job, a new career or a whole new path from education to the ultimate dream job. They offer advice from people who have switched gears at various points in their life and offer helpful tips, job leads and food for thought. Lindsey Pollak Lindsey Pollak is the author of Getting from College to Career: Your Essential Guide to Succeeding in the Real World and is also a LinkedIn Ambassador and keynote speaker. Basically, she knows a thing or three about using your college years as a stepping stone to your dream job. Her blog – and the entire website – can help students, recent graduates and young professionals find the resources, tips and tricks they need to succeed. Resume Companion Resumes have changed over the past few years. There was a time when simply spelling out your achievements and highlighting your education was enough to put yourself at the head of the pack but these days youll need to go that extra mile to get noticed. While there are plenty of websites, self-help books and blogs with tips on creating an eye-catching resume, Resume Companion offers a sense of humor alongside new and creative ways to stand out from the pack. With resumes for iconic characters like Batman to tongue in cheek satire, their website provides the ideal place to blow off some steam and get a few new ideas for your resume. CareerCast In terms of a one-stop job website, CareerCast offers a wealth of information, leads and help with landing a full time career, part time job or freelance work. So how do they stand out from the sea of job websites? They offer specific searches for niche fields, including Construction Disability Diversity Energy Green HealthCare Nursing Trucking Veteran With a combination of old school advice, an easily searchable database of jobs and help in targeting specific and niche industries, CareerCast stands out from the rest and will help you to do the same.

Bx3082 part2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6750 words

Bx3082 part2 - Essay Example The main barriers to entry are represented by the legislative requirements as per the Appellation dorigine contrà ´là ©e and the relevant business requirements. These issues will be addressed according to the requirements, and in conjunction with the Invest in France Agency, which will add valuable insight and assistance to establishing within the Burgundy region. The selected geographical location of operations stand to benefit in terms of reduced distribution costs by virtue of the existing location and infrastructure, whilst the staggered approach to location and facility development alleviates mass capital cash flow and enables the suitable implementation over the defined period. The selection of the Premier and Grand Cru farms, together with a professional winemaker and team, allow the company to produce a differentiated high quality Pinot Noir wine that can be marketed to the discerning individual and upper class establishments, ensuring the brand positioning within the competitive wine

Pricing Strategy River Side Cafe Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Pricing Strategy River Side Cafe - Essay Example This gives River Side Cafe a distinct competitive advantage over its competitors as its unique Mexican style attracts and retains coffee and tea lovers at its premises. Therefore, the premium pricing strategy is the best strategy for River Side Cafe to adopt because it is also a new entrant into the market with the hope of maximizing its revenues especially in the first stages of the cafe’s product life cycle (Smith, 2011). River Side Cafe is a new player in the tea and coffee industry. As such, it has to curve out a name for itself in the beverages service industry in order to attract and retain loyal customers. However, it faces stiff competition from established industry players who already have reputable brand names and command a large share of the market. These include the likes of Tchibo, Nestle, Wal-Mart and Starbucks. These companies have a wide capital outlay to expand and promote their business thereby remaining relevant in the market over a long period. Therefore, River Side Cafe has to establish its own competitive advantages in order to enter this strongly guarded beverages market. Owing to its unique features in brewing and serving coffee and tea, the cafe also incorporates a pricing strategy in order to penetrate the market further (Jensen, 2013). Premium pricing is the best pricing strategy for the cafe to use in entering the beverages business under such competitive markets. This strat egy gives the cafe class, style and prestige as well as promoting its clients’ base through word of mouth references. Being a new kid in the block and charging high prices for their products and services attracts high-end consumers as well as establish a reputable

To Kill a Mockingbird Racial Differences Essay Essay Example for Free

To Kill a Mockingbird Racial Differences Essay Essay In To Kill A Mockingbird by Harper Lee, the main themes of racism and social inequality are caused by cultural differences. The book demonstrates the struggles associated with the cultural differences in Maycomb, Alabama during the 1940s. The cultural differences are based on the social classes and hierarchy in Maycomb. At the top of the hierarchy are the relatively well-off Finches, with regular townspeople below them. Then there are farmers like the Cunninghams, and then the poor white people like Ewells and finally the blacks. Examples of cultural differences, which cause problems for the inhabitants of Maycomb, come from almost every character. Cultural differences today are profoundly different from those 70 years ago. Racism is not as prevalent and social inequality is almost nonexistent. The first instance of social inequality comes on Scout’s first day of school. When Walter Cunningham denies Miss Caroline when she offers him a quarter for lunch, Scout must explain that Cunninghams never take what they can’t pay back. Also a very dirty Burris Ewell curses at Miss Caroline. This reflects the social hierarchy of Maycomb by showing how the Cunninghams and the Ewells poorest white people in the county. Another example of social inequality is Dolphus Raymond’s problems. The inhabitants of Maycomb see Dolphus as an outcast because he married a black woman. Marrying someone of a different race was extremely uncommon at the time. The biggest example of racism and social inequality was Tom Robinson’s trial. Bob Ewell blames Tom Robinson for the â€Å"rape† of his daughter because it would be the most believable story if a black man did it. In the courthouse there is a separate balcony for black people. Tom Robinson was also convicted guilty even after Atticus gives the jury uncontestable evidence proving otherwise. This is the nadir of racism in the county and shows how the county feels towards blacks. Cultural difference not only cause conflict between blacks and whites but also between white people themselves. Atticus and the rest of Maycomb County are at odds because he defends Tom Robinson while everybody else feels that Tom is guilty. This causes many problems for him and his family too.

Interior Design Considerations for Retirement Homes :: Place Descriptive Essays

Interior Design Considerations for Retirement Homes At the Waterford, you'll find the freedom to create the lifestyle you've always wanted. Each morning you'll awake to a colorful palette of possibilities from which to paint your day. Enjoy the quiet, muted tones of solitude in your spacious apartment, knowing friends and an attentive staff are close by. You'll always have a wealth of things to do right at your fingertips keeping you as active as you want to be. The Waterford proudly presents a staff of experienced, detail-oriented professionals at your service. From our executive director to our culinary chef, to our housekeepers and wait staff, you'll find warm and friendly people truly concerned about you. The Waterford offers you flexibility and options so you can paint your days with the colors of life (A Place for Mom, 2002). With an environment that seems so appealing, why is there such a negative stigma placed on retirement homes/communities or nursing homes? The idea of spending our retirement in a nursing home is perceived by our society as the most undesirable of options. Three out of one hundred Americans over the age of 65 suffer from depression (National Institute of Mental Health, 2000). A study done at the University of Rhode Island reported that 11% of the residents in the nursing homes examined were suffering from depression (Brown, Lapane, & Luisi, 2002). Another study done at Columbia University reported that 44.2% of the nursing home residents tested showed some symptom of depression with 14.4% of the residents experiencing serious depression (Teresi, Abrams, Holmes, Ramirez, & Eimicke, 2001). Why is the depression rate among the elderly almost four times greater among those living in nursing homes? It could be the work of chance in that many of the residents in nursing homes already have a mental health problem that has made them unable to provide for themselves. Having prior difficulties could make these residents more susceptible to the normal adjustment problems that come along with relocating to a new living environment. Or perhaps it is because the environments nursing homes create are not specifically geared towards the needs of the elderly. With about 5% of people over 65 living in nursing homes this is a serious problem, whether the resident is healthy or not, that should be demanding more attention (Hoyer, Rybash, & Roodin, 1999). There are many factors that could contribute to depression among the aging including illness, loss of close family members, or financial problems.

Aligning Elementary School to Middle School Curriculum Essay

There has been an upsurge in curriculum alignment actions among educational institutions in an attempt to reinforce the efficiency and effectiveness of instructions and assessment programs (Marsh & Willis, 2003). The need to eliminate the differences in both learning and teaching has compelled leaders in educational settings to examine the concepts and skills taught in educational institutions (Marsh & Willis, 2003). Also, the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) program of 2002 justifies the significance of curriculum alignment activities (Clarke, Kayona, Ruebling & Stow, 2006). In curriculum development, there are three essential areas that need great considerations. One, the curriculum document needs to â€Å"give direction, focus, and accountability in the learning environment. (Clarke, Kayona, Ruebling & Stow, 2006). Two, the curriculum document should be revised on a regular basis by at least two educational leaders and three; student outcomes that recognize what the learners acquire prior to graduation should align with the standards set by the state. According to Clarke, Kayona, Ruebling & Stow, (2006) many educational institutions have not yet integrated successfully the essentials standards within their curriculum nor maintained a written document to guide instruction. Again, the important role of leaders in educational setting to develop and implement curriculum is evident with the alignment of taught, written and tested curriculum. Clarke, Kayona, Ruebling & Stow, 2006) also affirms that the lack of curriculum alignment can result to lower achievement where educators teach contents that is not part of the curriculum document and nor is it part of assessment material. This dissertation will analyze the curriculum articulation and alignment between elementary school and middle school social studies, specifically, fourth and seventh grade. Inclusive of this dissertation will be a plan to improve curriculum articulation and alignment between elementary school and middle school social studies as well as improve the academic progression of student and the consistency of the curriculum. Summary of Original Analysis The curriculum for the North Dakota Department of Public Instruction is a standards-based design that lays emphasis on the student’s ability. The curriculum is divided by subject, grade level and standard. It explains the core contents for each subject with proficiency descriptors. The curriculum document is relevant to the mission of the North Dakota Department of Public Instruction as well as the objectives for the subjects. The Social Studies curriculum document for North Dakota Department of Public Instruction has five major themes for both elementary school and middle school as well as benchmark expectations in each category. The main ideas and academic expectations are the same for both schools. The design of subject matter for adjoining educational stages includes concepts, skills, understandings, and the core content useful in assessment. The curriculum documents of North Dakota Department of Public Instruction for the elementary and middle school comprise vertical alignment between the adjoining educational levels. The concepts, skills and understandings become more complicated amid the two educational levels. Therefore, learners should understand the concepts and skills of the elementary school before learning the concepts and skills of middle school. The concentration of the elementary school is narrower than that of middle school. The curriculum documents of both elementary and middle school do not exhibit horizontal alignment. Improvement of curriculum alignment, student progression and curriculum consistency Curriculum alignment is necessary to guarantee harmony between the curriculum’s intentions and the instruction of the curriculum by testing what is taught. In effect, there is little or no space left for differences in curriculum implementation. The educational leaders thereafter, assess educators by the degree in which the learners meet the set standards through standardized examination (Marsh & Willis, 2003). The vertical alignment links subjects that express a relationship and a particular order and then match the curriculum to the particular order. In this, students will gain vital knowledge prior to the next subject. The alignment aids in material reinforcement and offers teachers knowledge in relation to students’ ability. In addition, Melvin (2007 notes that vertical alignment enhances learning for students as well as communication between teachers at various educational levels. Horizontal alignment transversely brings together curriculum objectives between subjects. Horizontal alignment benefits learners in that learning transmits to new situation where students realize the significance of the knowledge gained (Wraga, 1999). The social studies curriculum within the North Dakota Department of Public Instruction between elementary and middle school, puts emphasis on standards and outlines objectives needed by students to learn. So as to improve curriculum alignment, it is necessary for curriculum at adjoining educational levels to lay emphasis on these objectives at every appropriate occurrence but not only within a particular grade. Glatthorns (1999) suggests it is important that the curriculum contain objectives for constant development, which can center on learning as well as testing when probable. Again, the curriculum should include enhancement units for all learners. Educators can then assess the standards and align the taught, written and tested curriculum. By gathering the acknowledged state standards and applying resourcefulness, tutors can develop unit which, will be interesting to the students. Teachers’ flexibility can also be put in play where the curriculum can be adjusted to meet the requirements and capability of the learners. In this strategy, educators align the written curriculum with the tested curriculum and the taught curriculum with the written one. As they implement the curriculum, In addition, teachers can include objectives for ongoing development and enhancement units. This process will allow learners to achieve high grades on tests while the ongoing students will have units of study that are comprehensive and thus will get their interest (Glatthorn, 1999). The North Dakota Department of Public Instruction maintains a standards-based curriculum that contains list of fundamental details and abilities at the lower end of Bloom’s Taxonomy, with no intention for connecting the fundamental details into more important outcomes of learning. Marsh and Willis (2003) contends that the progression that has been mandated by state would then be trussed by practical and fundamental knowledge with minimal consideration of lasting learning competency that is necessary to life as well as other areas of learning. A curriculum that lays out the necessity to address all students and concentrates on cognition development at a higher-level whilst keeping the standards-based curriculum is the most suitable to put into practice for the two adjoining educational stages (Wraga, 1999). A combined curriculum that is integrated, inclusive and student centered with holistic and multicultural aspects will enhance curriculum alignment both horizontally and vertically. In addition, this kind of curriculum will enhance learners’ academic progression and assist in curriculum consistency. Wraga (1999) admits that the standards-based curriculum must contain curriculum alignment of a larger curriculum that ensures lifelong learning. A curriculum that contains intrapersonal improvement encourages the learners to discuss learning and associate in relation to the learners’ life. Teaching and nurturing social skills through the curriculum allows cooperation of learners with other individuals, builds conflict resolution skills, and assists in team building. The curriculum within the North Dakota Department of Public Instruction shall integrate multicultural aspect so as to align the curriculum with the today’s society. Learners will get to value diverse culture and as a result develop communication among cultures. An all grade inclusive curriculum which is also adaptive is valuable to all learners; it will offer equal learning opportunities to students with disabilities as well as allow all students to embrace diversity among individuals. A student-centered curriculum focuses on the learners but not the curriculum materials, content to be covered or written goals. When there is implementation of a standards-based curriculum in association with a combined curriculum and high-stakes testing, students are assured of quality education. Layton & Lock (2007) asserts that student assessments are vital and in an effort to assist in academic progression of student educators should build tests that assess student learning correctly and adjust tests for the at-risk learners. Educators can unearth better ways of evaluating test results so as to identify learning needs of students and revise instruction. In addition this plan integrates authentic assessment. Authentic assessment demands the relevance and integration of skills vital to solve complicated problems and allows enhanced substantiation of the students’ ability to prosper in all situations. Learners have a chance to explain themselves allowing teachers to better understand the learning process and get instant feedback for learners. Furthermore, the application of authentic assessment sets up teacher collaboration and collegiality as well as expands the reflection and inquiry by the teacher. Conclusion Curriculum alignment involves matching a curriculum’s content to the use of tests so as to assess the learning of student (Marsh & Willis, 2003). Curriculum alignment calls for educational institutions to ensure consistence in the objectives, guides, textbooks, and tests that make up the curriculum (Marsh & Willis, 2003). Leaders in educational settings determine academic achievement through standard testing as a means to find out what happens in schools. Institutions of education emphasize effectiveness through increasing academic achievement where they term decline in academic achievement as a problem in the quality of the curriculum. Thus, aligning the intended curriculum with the taught curriculum seems to resolve this problem (Marsh & Willis, 2003). By integrating the previous aspects into the North Dakota Department of Public Instruction curriculum, a more significant learning experience can be achieved by both educators and students. Lastly, curriculum alignment will be seen, student academic progression as well as curriculum consistency will improve (Marsh & Willis, 2003). References Alexson, R. G. & Kemnitz, C. P. (2004): Curriculum articulation and transitioning student success: Where are we going wrong and what lessons have we learned? Educational Research Quarterly, Retrieved from ProQuest Education Journals database. Accessed on September 26, 2007 Biessman, J. B. (2006): An examination of curriculum articulation in Wisconsin high school and post-secondary introductory biology courses. Retrieved from ProQuest Digital Dissertations database. Accessed on September 25, 2007. Carnoy, M. (2005): Have state accountability and high-stakes test influenced student progression rates in high school? Educational Measurement, Issues and Practice, 24. Retrieved from ProQuest database. Accessed on September 26, 2007. Clarke, N. A. , Kayona, F. , Stow, S. , Ruebling (2006): Developing standards-based curricula and assessments: Lessons learned from the field. Retrieved from EBSCO host database. Accessed on September 26, 2007, Cumming, J. J. & Maxwell, G. S. (1999): Contextualizing authentic assessment. Assessment in Education, 6. Retrieved from ProQuest database. Accessed on September 26, 2007 Hodgkinson, H. (2000). Educational demographics: What teachers should know. Educational Leadership. John, B. (2003): Curriculum audits: achieving alignment for student success. Education Today. Retrieved from CBCA Complete database. Accessed on September 26, 2007. Odden, A. (2000): The costs of sustaining educational change through comprehensive school reform. Ornstein, A. C. & Levine, D. U. (1990): School effectiveness and reform: Guidelines for action. Porter, A. C. (2005): Getting the Content of Instruction Right. Retrieved from CBCA Complete database. Accessed on September 25, 2007 Layton, C. A. & Lock, R. H. (2007): Use authentic assessment techniques to fulfill the promise of no child left behind. Intervention in School and Clinic. Retrieved from ProQuest database. Accessed on September 25, 2007 Marsh, C. J. , & Willis, G. (2003): Curriculum: Alternative approaches, ongoing issues, 3rd edition. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson. Wraga, W. G. (1999). The educational and political implications of curriculum alignment and standards-based reform. Journal of Curriculum and Supervision. Retrieved from ProQuest database. Accessed on September 25, 2007 Young, M. L. (2004): High-stakes assessment and school accountability: A multicase study describing and comparing the best practices of five K–6 elementary schools that have demonstrated significant increases in student achievement as measured by the norm-referenced SAT-9 assessment and the Academic Performance Index of California. Retrieved from ProQuest Digital Dissertations database. Accessed on September 25, 2007

Hp Swot Matrix

HP SWOT Strengths of HP 1. Global presence. 2. Strong brand image with high quality of product and service. 3. Providing customers service with specific technical support. 4. Successful Strategic Acquisitions. Hewlett-Packard has strong financial condition. Hewlett-Packard is a global company and became world’s biggest computer hardware. The growth of 26% in the Americas; 28% world-wide percent in Europe, the Middle East, and Africa; and 16 percent in Asia Pacific and Japan with the broad-based global recovery (HP Annual Report, 2010).Hewlett-Packard is maintaining the No. 1 position in worldwide market share, as well as healthy average selling prices. Hewlett-Packard is differentiating through remarkable product design and customer experience from the range of high-end gaming PCs to sleek, powerful notebooks to fashion-inspired netbooks and innovative smartphones (HP Annual Report, 2010). Hewlett-Packard has its own support organizations to provide customers service with spec ific technical support.Hewlett-Packard can provide end-to-end IT solution, including infrastructure technology, business process outsourcing, technology support and maintenance, application development and support services and consulting and integration service. Hewlett-Packard continues on recognizing and capitalizing on strategic acquisitions. The company’s major mergers and acquisitions in recent past include Compaq Computer Corporation in 2002. In April of 2010, Hewlett-Packard announced to buy Palm for 1. 2 Billion. It increases its competitiveness therefore creates value for investors and customers of the company.Weaknesses of HP 1. Weak Market Segment Integration 2. Over rely on three-party supplier 3. R&D department has significantly less investments 4. Not comprehensive product portfolio HP lack presence in some segments. Comparing to its major competitors, such as Accenture, EMC and IBM, HP’s portfolio offers less significant on software product or manage con sulting services. Also, according to HP 2010 annual report, it has a great preformance on enterprise customer market but weak at small-scale market. HP over rely on three party supplier.HP's procurement expenditures for materials, manufacturing and assembly of HP's products all over the world. The suppliers includes contract manufacturers, electronic manufacturing services providers, original design manufacturers, and commodity suppliers. It is would be compliated and difficult to remain the relationships with the suppliers. HP invest less on R&D, compare to historical spending. HP does not develop the new technology for new product. Althoug HP has its brand smart phone, however, this properly attributes to the acquiring Compaq. For the smart phone technology, HP is leaved behind its competitors.Thus, they trend to acquire Palm. HP’s competitiveness mainly focus on 14. 1 inch notebook, however, the 15. 4 inch notebook is the current second largest market need. HP product line lack of attention on 15. 4 inch notebook. And also HP hardly focus to 13. 3 inch product. However, those size of notebook is the market need. It seems HP has not comprehensive product portfolio. Threats of HP †¢ Hyper-competition in IT market †¢ High bargaining power of Smartphone market †¢ Slowdown in economic conditions in US †¢ Foreign currency exchange rate Although Hewlett-Packard is maintaining the No. position in worldwide market share, some of the companies as a formidable competitor threatened in IT market such as Toshiba, Lenova Group and Aver. They compete in terms of price, quality, brand, technology, reputation, distribution and also range of other products. Hewlett-Packard wants to redevelop their Smartphone market, but they lack of this experience and technology. Hence, compare with Apple, Google, it still has a lot of space to improve and catch up. So this is the high bargaining power in Smartphone market when they want to expand this market.The economic slowdown has negatively affected many market segments, including information technology. Hewlett Packard has experienced this decline not only in the U. S. but also in its global markets. Worldwide spending on IT was predicted to decline by 4% in 2009. Foreign currency exchange rate is one of the external factors that we cannot expect. It is the big threat when foreign currency exchanges rate changes, it might influence the cost of production or the selling price in different countries. Opportunities of HP †¢ High growth rate of Smartphone market †¢ Change of lifestyle Change of consumer spending †¢ Innovation of 3C(Computer, Communication, Consumer Electronic) products The Smartphone market is having the high growth rate of nowadays. According to the researcher ISuppli Corp. , the global Smartphone shipments may increase 36 percent to 247 million in 2010. The high growth rate can reflect the demand of Smartphone is also high for customers. The lifestyle of p eople is change that they will more enjoy the online social with others. The online social is one part of daily life of many citizens. Internet is very important for citizen to keep connect with others online.The relative products were useful for them to keep online, such as Net-book, Smartphone. The spending custom of customer is change to spending more. They are more emphasized on the quality and function of the product more than price. The purpose of consumer is also change from useful to habit and symbolize of 3C products. The change of IT products is fastest of nowadays environment. The innovation of product and system improvement is very important for 3C products. The successful innovation product can be come a trendy of customer to buy and follow. Customers are easy to substitute the old product by new product in 3C product markets.

Computer Law The WritePass Journal

Computer Law Introduction Computer Law Introduction1.Background2. Judicial Process in U.K1)  Adversarial2)  Inquisitorial3.  European Law4.  Presenting Digital Evidence in the Court5.  Case Scenario6.  Laws Broken by Accused7.  The phone hacking case happened in the UK8.  ConclusionReferencesRelated Introduction 1.Background Computer crimes are increasing day by day all over the world, internet is the prime medium for commit the crime both domestic and international activities. Criminals are targeted by using electronic tools like computer and other programmable devices. Computer Crime could affect any electronic device vulnerable attacks through the network which may be personal computer or protected computers. Today’s nature of the computer and internet mean that the criminal activities easily can carry out across the nation border. These kinds of crimes create problem over the jurisdiction and investigating the crime, different countries using different low and enforcement for the relevant crimes took place over the country. Older computer crimes was conducted using computer as tool such as illegally store images in the hard disk using mobile phone for harassment, download music, videos illicitly, software piracy, forgery and fraud these kind of computer crimes prosecute other relevant laws rat her than computer law. New type of cyber-crime is very different than older, now the attackers are using specific technologies or programmes which may be virus, malware, Trojan, worms and spyware; these programmes are very dangerous, effective and accurate to commit cyber-crimes. Attacks are now common against financial companies, banks and identity theft; some electronic attacks are using terrorist attack to the targeted computer and network through remotely. Unauthorised access, delete or modify the stored data in the computer system; these activities are prosecuted under computer crime legislation. According to the British Crime Survey showed that most of the computers are affected by virus in the house hold using internet in the U.K about 62 % in 2006 because of increase of the computers and broad band connection. Computer related activities are very complex to be prosecuted; law makers and the security consultants frustrated these kinds of activities are very difficult to legislate without affecting others. The legislation authority of UK recently clamping down on computer crime fell under some sort of trap; such kind of trap can avoid providing the Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act (RIPA) 2000 which provision provides massive surveillances in the computer networks and the users. The news of the world phone hacking has been investigating since 2005, this case is very popular and on-going case; and here some suspicious people include news of the world Chief editors, reports, investigator, celebrities and politician. According to some popular newspaper report; I would like to explain this case, who all are the suspicious and guilty person in this case and which laws they are broken. 2. Judicial Process in U.K European communities include England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland, in this judiciary system has three courts of jurisdiction system arranged according to the cases which brought before the court.in U.K has two main type of judiciary system.[9] The European laws from the European Union, the legal system in the UK largely based on the judge here judge will made law and decide the cases and this cases brought before the judge this process is until 17th century this system is called common law or case law. But the Scotland totally dissimilar form this jurisdiction process at that time there has been a new law implemented the Act of Parliament that was policies of Government of the day. At that time a judge made law according to the case and the public need to follow this law this pronouncement technically known as precedent. The precedent plays very significant role in the common law this ensure logical progress, certainty, consistency and law development.[9] Legislation or statutory new law act in the parliament has become common, it reform in the 17th century; the modern time laws applied in the jurisdiction at any combination of jurisdiction in the U.K. but the common law has limited jurisdiction in the public general act. it may limited geographical location in the jurisdiction for a person and organisation. The most significant Act in the legislation in the parliament known as Primary legislation this primary legislation made by the parliament act 1911 -1949 in the House of Lords and then it accepted by the Royal assent from the Queen. This legislation is laid under Government Ministers and it come today’s greater volume.[9] The category of criminal law considers with Most of the criminal cases in the England and Wales called prosecutions. The Court prosecution on the basis of indictment document, here most of the case prosecution instituted by prosecutor on behalf of the Crown Prosecution Service, the case takes over form the police the specified crime accused with whom   in the state. The first stage of the case answer is called prime face and this process is called committal. In this document magistrate disclose some papers which are based on the evidence submitted by the prosecutor, these cases have heard in the Crown court. Crown Court only one but there nearly 70 jurisdiction centres in this country. [9] The litigation process before the judge and the jury they preside over the whole trail prosecution the judge and the jury justify the fairness about the case at the same time the prosecutors need to submit all the evidences these evidences admissible by jury at this time the jury give the accurate view and relevant law to this case. Finally, the jury decide who will be the culprit and who will be the innocent. [9] Magistrates’ court deal with fewer amounts of criminal cases, there is no committal and jury for jurisdiction. Here trial bench has three magistrates deal with the cases are lay person. Magistrates court appeal to the Crown Court some criminal cases such most criminal cases taken to the divisional court in the High Court. Finally, these matters may be appeal to the House of Lords. [9] The civil cases trial is begun by a plaintiff, the plaintiff; it may be a company or a person or government. Most of the civil cases deal with the country court typically claim cases choice of the value of the property for claim a person; in addition, the country court also deal with divorce cases and bankruptcy cases. Moreover, the claim cases has limitation up to  £3000 could be handled by the country court. [9] The High Court has three sub division to deal cases, Family Division, Chancery Division and Queen’s Bench Division [9] Family Division usually considers family matters like divorce cases and child welfare cases, child protection is the aim of this court, and sometimes they brought child to some agencies for the protection of the child. The High court has some difficulty to do divorce cases so country court deal with these matters, the family division has deal with the overseas cases like administration of wills process known as probate. [9] The Chancery Division deal with difficult matters like bankruptcy, copyright and patent, settlement, land law, trust and corporate laws. Most of the cases consider in the subdivision of this court which division is highly skilled specialists deal with this cases. [9] The Queen’s Bench division consider business cases about land and contracts torts , in this division has some specialised sub division al so commercial court in this court consider most difficult cases in the part of the business torts. [9] The European community was developed under the Treaty of Rome in the year of 1957, the judges could be appointed by 15 member stated of the court called Luxembourg in this sits comprised one British Judge. English legal system made the Court in the European Community Act 1972 section three in this states. [9] The Interference could raise Treaty of Rome under article 177; firstly, the jurisdiction give introductory decision would be taken by the justice in this court for the interpretation from the Treaty of Rome. The tribunal may be questioned before the tribunal’s member of the state the court of justice ruling the any civil cases and criminal matters in the U.K courts can ask any judgment points about the dispute the court will give necessary decision as soon as possible, the court of justice is peak court in this nation. [9] The Scotland follows own legal system based on Edinburgh of the court the Act Union of England and Wales in 1707, Scotland holds so many law system form English. 1)  Adversarial Adversarial judicial System, which legal system the two advocates would be represent for the suspected and petitioned parties, in this system there usually have a jury or judge for   decide whether the accused person is guilty or not. 2)  Inquisitorial Inquisitorial legal system totally opposite to the adversarial legal system, here the court would investigate the case, this legal system some countries use only for civil cases and they use common laws. 3.  European Law English law falls in to Criminal Law and Civil Law, offence related to person and the property and affecting the whole community is under the criminal law and it is called prosecution this law is applicable for computer related crimes. The wrong relating confliction between individuals with in the community which action for claim the case is under the civil case. Most Effective Computer Laws in U.K/European Union [10] Computer Misuse Act 1990 Police and Justice Act 2006 Telecommunication regulations 2000 Communications Act 2003 Human rights Act 1998 Privacy and electronic communication regulations 2003 European Laws Data Protection Act 1998 Anti-Terrorism, crime and security Act 2001 Regulation of investigatory powers Act 2000 Wiretap Act Pen / Trap Act Electronic Communication Privacy Act 4.  Presenting Digital Evidence in the Court The Digital Evidences such as floppy disk, USB, CD, an Image, log files, MAC time, which evidences supports the claim or that rejects the claim. The evidences are significant and need to maintain integrity and confidentiality is very important. The integrity means that the digital evidence has been not tampered and the confidentiality means that make sure the process or the content of the evidence must not view unauthorised person but only the authorised person. For integrity maintaining need to create MD5 or SHA-1 check sum value using lawful authority approved tools. The collecting evidence and making report is very important this process is called Chain of Custody, to prove the case need to prepare detailed report   and to make sure that the evidence handled step should be follow. What is the evidence? How did you get it? When was it collected? Who has handled it? Why did that person handle it? Where has it travelled, and where was it ultimately stored? When the evidence is electronic form it becomes two dimensional types of objects tangible and intangible this need to be preserved and tracked in the chain of custody. The physical evidence is called tangible objects such as laptop, hard drives, CD’s, backup tapes, digital cameras. Intangible data like documents, email and metadata. Authentication of the digital evidence is significant and the evidence is multi faced and it must be verified the digital authenticity of the digital evidence. For the integrity need to use digital signature technology which can maintain the evidence integrity. 5.  Case Scenario The News of the World (NoW) phone voice message hacking case is on-going case in the UK, the News of the World case was complained on November 2005 against the three royal staffs’ members, after reporting the story about Price William’s phone voicemail interception, and this case was registered at the Metropolitan Police on November 2005. The accused Clive Goodman was the royal editor Edmondson was the assistant editor of the NoW and Glenn Mulcaire is a private investigator. Goodman was jailed four months and Glen Mulcaire was jailed six months in January 2007. The NoW current executives and the current chief reporter Neville Thurlbeck 50 and former new editor Lan Edmonson 42 ware arrested suspiciously by the Metropolitan Police in April for illegally intercepted private telephone conversation, this unlawful offence under section 1 of the RIPA 2000(Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000) and Criminal law Act 1977 Section 1 (1) has been charged the police. They were released on bail in September. After two and half years latter one of the famous newspapers in the UK claimed that the world-famous phone mailbox hacking case has involved NoW journalists and politician, sports stars, celebrities.[2,4,11] In July 2009, some newspapers reported that Deputy Prime Minister Lord Prescott,singer George Michael, celebrity cook Celebrity Nigella Lawson, London Mayor Boris John, actress Gwyneth Paltrow, Comedian Lennny Henry, Late reality TV start Jade Goody and Coulson also includes in the phone hacking list; a chief executive of professional football’s association Gordon Taylor, Lib Dem MP Simon Hughes, sports agent Sky Andrew and Model Elle Macpherson had been victims.[3] In July 9th 2009 The News of the World apologised in the court actress sienna Miller was not committed this crime and the NoW she was not attend the prosecution and high court settled for this case  £100,000 legal cost ant damages.[13] September 2009, the owner of the News Group Newspaper paid  £1 million for settle the case three subjected people in this phone hacking case such as professional footballers Association Chairman Gordon Taylor, who had been settled this case out of the court said the Guardian newspaper report and they had this evidence, which evidence exposed that of illegal activities and they published that the NoW staffs were used around 1000 of mobile phone. This year the Scotland Yard claimed that they identified the suspected victims they are royal, military, police and government bodies. After a few days the PCC (Press Complaints Commission) said that about the phone hacking allegation they have not get any Evidence so this case is going on.[3] In February 2010, there was a report in the newspaper The Guardian; the 3 mobile phone company revealed that nearly 100 of customers have had hacked answer phone messages. And Police had found that around 91 PIN codes in their investigation, these PIN Codes they had been used for accessing voice mail to some others these information collected form the Clive Goodman and Glen Mulcaire.by the March 2010, Max Clifford intercepting the voice mail case was found the settlement details about  £1 million payment was done by News of the World, this case found that Clive Goodman had had involved another phone hacking case. After that the New York Times published in September 2010 the NoW journalist attempted to hack one of the television personality’s voice message. Then in December 2010, Crown Prosecution Service judged according to the Scotland Yard Police Inquiry report, they have not found any admissible new evidence whether they hacked the phone or not.[2] In January 2011, Lan Edmonson was suspended form the NoW after claiming phone hacking, one of the 91 victims, the Actress Sienna Miller have had relationship with Mr Jude Law from 2003 – 2005.Mr Justice Vos notice that Sianna Miller was appeared in some article in News of the Word from 2003 -05 year this may be consider she might have involved in this phone hacking case.[4] In 10th April 2011, the News of the world apologised the phone hacking case they are ready to pay compensation to those individual has been accused in this phone hacking case, this news was published in News of the World newspaper.[7] 6.  Laws Broken by Accused According to the BBC news these accused persons were committed unlawful interception of public communication under the UK law RIPA 2000(Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000) of Section and the unauthorised access computer and gaining any stored data from the hard disk / voice messages from the computer against the UK law Computer Misuse Act 1990 section 1 (1) have been violated these proposed guilty people in the News of the World Phone Hacking case 2005 -2011. 7.  The phone hacking case happened in the UK â€Å" Morgans v Director case This case was in December 1998 to 2000; Morgan was hacked British Telephone computer Monolog telephone call logger for making some international calls. This case the prosecutor charged CMA 1990 section 1 (1) and Section 11 (2), But this case was quashed.† [6] â€Å"R v Moody case In this case ex-employee of the IT specialist he accessed remote maintenance port in the local authorities computerised telephone, he could not made any outgoing calls but he routed incoming calls to single extension. The police sized his pc and hard disk which has been corrupted by previous police investigation, so the court had stayed indictment. He was violated CMA 1990 section 3 and Admissibility Pace section 69s† [6] â€Å"R v Malcolm Farquharson case In this case was happened in 1993, the accused person was committed mobile phone cloning, the accused person convicted unauthorised access he had been sentences nearly six month imprisonment.† [6] â€Å"R v Emma Pearce case This case was registerd 1993, this case also phone cloning he accessed telephone records so the court sentenced  £300 fine only.† [6] â€Å"Gold and Schifreen In 1985, two journalists were hacked British Telecom computer and they were accessed prince Philip’s voice mail box at that time for the investigation proved that these two people were committed activity but there was no computer misuse act to punish them. At that time they created a new law computer misuse act in 1990.† [6] 8.  Conclusion According to the BBC news and other popular Newspaper report claimed that, the News of the World chief editor, reporter and private investigator was committed this phone hacking case the police has some evidence against them according to this evidence the Court had imprisoned these three people in 2006 around 6 months, after one year this case was reopened by Met police UK; but the police investigation is going on and they yet to be find any solid evidence against them and rest of the 3000 suspicious person, during this investigation 10th April 2011 the news of the world apologised to all accused suspected people and they are willing to give compensation to all this people. Even though they withdraw the case it is crystal clear that some of the NoW staffs were involved and committed this case. In my point of view these suspicious persons violated UK laws above mentioned, but this case was withdrawn why because of the pressure from the political leader, they need to hide some professi onal or celebrities, Politicians involvement in this case; most of the suspicious people were settled this case out of the court with billions of money this deal are very secret. This is clear that most of the computer related cases fail because of investigation problem or computer evidences are very easy to be damage and sometimes there would not be proper evidences to prove. I believe References adviceguide.org.uk/index/your_rights/legal_system/courts_of_law.htm [Accessed: 8th June 2011]. bbc.co.uk/news/uk-11195407 [Accessed: 9th June 2011]. bbc.co.uk/news/uk-11930168 [Accessed: 8th June 2011]. bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-12253968 [Accessed: 8th June 2011]. charlesrussell.co.uk/UserFiles/file/pdf/Reputation%20Management/phone_hacking.pdf [Accessed: 8th June 2011]. computerevidence.co.uk/Cases/CMA.htm [Accessed: 9th June 2011]. dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1374946/Rupert-Murdochs-News-World-apologizes-sets-victims-compensation-fund.html [Accessed: 9th June 2011]. internetrights.org.uk/briefings/irtb08-rev1-draft.pdf [Accessed: 20th May 2011]. leeds.ac.uk/law/hamlyn/courtsys.htm[Accessed: 4th June 2011]. legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2000/23/contents [Accessed: 8th June 2011] mediaspy.org/report/2011/04/06/uk-police-arrest-news-of-the-world-phone-hacking-suspects/ [Accessed: 9th June 2011]. mishcon.com/news/articles/phone_hacking_the_news_of_the_world_04_2011/ [Accessed: 8th June 2011]. newsoftheworld.co.uk/notw/public/nol_public_news/1266448/News-International-statement-News-of-the-World-says-sorry.html [Accessed: 8th June 2011]. parliament.uk/documents/post/postpn271.pdf

Structural Metaphor - Definition and Examples

Structural Metaphor s A structural metaphor is a  metaphorical system in which one complex concept (typically abstract) is presented in terms of some other (usually more concrete) concept. A structural metaphor need not be explicitly articulated or defined, according to John Goss, but it operates as a guide to meaning and action in the discursive context within which it operates (Marketing the New Marketing in Ground Truth, 1995). Structural metaphor is one of the three overlapping categories of conceptual metaphors identified by George Lakoff and Mark Johnson in Metaphors We Live By (1980). (The other two categories are orientational metaphor and ontological metaphor.) Each individual  structural metaphor is  internally consistent, say Lakoff and Johnson, and it imposes a consistent structure on the concept it structures. Examples and Observations ARGUMENT IS WAR is an example of a structural metaphor. According to Lakoff and Johnson, structural metaphors are cases where one concept is metaphorically structured in terms of another (1980/ 2003:14). Source domains provide frameworks for target domains: these determine the ways in which we think and talk about the entities and activities to which the target domains refer and even the ways in which we behave or carry out activities, as in the case of argument. (M. Knowles and R. Moon, Introducing Metaphor. Routledge, 2006) The War Metaphor In the structural metaphor ECONOMIC ACTIVITY WAR, concepts from the source domain WARFARE are transferred to the target domain, because physical conflict is ubiquitous in human life and therefore quite well-structured and more readily understandable. It coherently structures the relations between the various factors in economic activity: business is war; the economy is a battlefield; competitors are warriors or even armies fighting each other, and economic activities are conceptualized in terms of attack and defense, as illustrated in the following example: As a result of the crisis, the Asians will strike back; they will launch an export offensive. (Wall Street Journal, June 22, 1998, 4) The WAR metaphor is realized in the following schemata: ATTACK and DEFENSE as causes and WIN/LOSE as the result: successful attack and defense result in victory; unsuccessful attack and defense result in loss . . ..(Susanne Richardt, Expert and Common-Sense Reasoning. Text, Context, Concepts, ed. by C. Zelinsky-Wibbelt. Walter de Gruyter, 2003) Labor and Time as Metaphors Let us now consider other structural metaphors that are important in our lives: LABOR IS A RESOURCE and TIME IS A RESOURCE. Both of these metaphors are culturally grounded in our experience with material resources. Material resources are typically raw materials or sources of fuel. Both are viewed as serving purposeful ends. Fuel may be used for heating, transportation, or the energy used in producing a finished product. Raw materials typically go directly into products. In both cases, the material resources can be quantified and given a value. In both cases, it is the kind of material as opposed to the particular piece or quantity of it that is important for achieving the purpose...When we are living by the metaphors LABOR IS A RESOURCE and TIME IS A RESOURCE, as we do in our culture, we tend not to see them as metaphors at all. But . . . both are structural metaphors that are basic to Western industrial societies.​  (George Lakoff and Mark Johnson, Metaphors We Live By. The University of Chicago Press, 1980)